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Course: Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry
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Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

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Text lesson

TOPIC – 02 : Homocyclic and Heterocyclic Compounds

 

As we discussed earlier about the two kinds of organic compounds, namely, open chain compounds and closed chain compounds. Here, we are going to further classify the closed chain compounds. We have also different kinds of closed chain compounds that we are going to study under this topic.  

 

           Screenshot 2024-07-24 235328                 


 

 

1. Homocyclic Compounds : Homocyclic Compounds are ring structures made up of only carbon in the ring and hydrogen atoms. Without carbon & hydrogen there must not be presence of any other elements.

  

        e.g.                                

Screenshot 2024-07-24 235311

                                                

                                    Phenol                          Toluene                     Aniline                   Benzene

 

Screenshot 2024-07-24 235223

 

                                                    Cyclobutene                                                Cyclopropane

 

Subtopic : Classification of Homocyclic compounds 

 

Now, this is worth mentioning that further classification of homocyclic compounds is also possible. Homocyclic compounds can be classified in two parts:

i.            Alicyclic Compounds

ii.          Aromatic Compounds        

 SHAPE  \* MERGEFORMAT

Homocyclic

 

Compounds

 

Screenshot 2024-07-24 235210

 

 

i.            Alicyclic Compounds : An alicyclic compound is defined as an organic compound, which is both cyclic and aliphatic .

 

                 e.g.

              

Screenshot 2024-07-24 235151

                                                      

    Cyclopropane            Cyclobutane           Cyclohexa-1,4-diene          Cyclopentene

 

 

                       Screenshot 2024-07-24 235142                                                      

                             o-Phthaldialdehyde                         2,3-Diaminonaphthalene

 

 

 

ii.          Aromatic Compounds : Any planar system with full delocalisation of the pi-electron in the ring and (4n+2) pi electrons in the ring is said to be aromatic.

 

 

              e.g.    

                  Screenshot 2024-07-24 235123

               Benzene                         Phenol                               Aniline                           Toluene

 

                                                       Screenshot 2024-07-24 235131                                                   

                                                                                       

                                                    Naphthalene                     Furan

 

 

2. Heterocyclic Compounds :  A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring.

 

    e.g.        

                  Screenshot 2024-07-24 234211                                                 

 

                                   Aziridine                     Ethylene Oxide                     Thiirane                         Oxetane 

 

                              Screenshot 2024-07-24 234218

                                         Piperidine                                                 1,4-dioxane

 

 

 

 

 

   Screenshot 2024-07-24 234648                               

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lesson materials